This week started on Wednesday with attending the Study Group Session for our Sociology of Agriculture class. In the study group we typically discuss the previous weeks assignments and go over the reading questions associated with each reading assignment. This gives a person an opportunity to compare and discuss answers with other classmates as well as to get/understand answers to questions that a person doesn't understand.
After the study group we had the opportunity for a bonus lecture by Dr. Prieve on animal reproduction (primarily horses), as we were allowed to sit in on his Equine Class lecture on horse reproduction. The lecture covered the reproductive anatomy of the brood mare (which was review for the Equine students), reproductive seasonality (various phases of equine reproductive cycle, the physiology behind seasonality) and the main emphasis of the lecture, the Estrous Cycle of the brood mare. A good understanding of the "estrous cycle" of an animal is very important when breeding animals and especially important if you are using "artificial insemination" (AI) to breed your animals. You need to know when an animal is in heat and the timing for getting them bred.
In case you're interested M-State Fergus Falls has a first class Equine Science Program in which you can receive a 1-yr diploma or a 2-yr associates degree. The college partners with the nearby Red Horse Ranch which provides students access to their arena, stables and 225 acres of riding trails and facilities. www.redhorserancharena.com
On Thursday in our "Grass Based Livestock Class" we continued learning about pasture and forage management, including a discussion on why a rancher might want to use Rotational Grazing
(i.e. sward health - improved soil health, animal health - reduced parasite exposure, nutrient cycling, reduced inputs, better forage utilization, lower start-up costs, higher net return, reduced feed costs, lower manure handling costs, aesthetics (people like seeing animals grazing in nice pasture). Then we discussed some techniques for dealing with the summer slump (think dog days of summer) and season extension to minimize costs associated with and need to feed storage crops.
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| Source: http://www.ncsu.edu/project/ansci_feeds/gi_tract/images/cow2.gif |
The "Grass Based Livestock Class" is every Thursday from 11:00 am until 4:30 or 5:00 pm, so a lot is covered each class period. Today we also had a lecture on ruminant anatomy,digestion, nutrition and health from Dr. Prieve. This lecture built on our free bonus lecture from Wednesday afternoon. Yes, all of this is on our February 14, 2013 Midterm Exam. Everybody always says a cow (or ruminant) has 4-stomachs. What they actually have are 4-compartments to their stomach. The reticulum, the rumen, tha omasum and the abomasum, which are laid out as shown in the previous figure. If you are wondering what those organs actually look like here are some photos from class last fall when we butchered some sheep.
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| Esophagus |
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| Rumen |
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| Riticulum |
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| Omasum |
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| Abomasum |
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| Small intestine |
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| Cecum |
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| Spiral Colon or Large intestine |
And that was it for Thursday. On Friday in our Sociology of Agriculture class we started with a quiz on the weeks reading assignment from our textbook "The Sociology of Food and Agriculture" by Michael Carolan. This is an upper division college level book, well written, very well documented and organized. The class and the book are all about how food and agriculture interrelates with community, individuals, industrial agriculture, big business, small business, politics, the environment, poverty, money and power at the local, regional, state, national and international levels. We delve into what motivates individuals and corporations to pursue various agriculture related activities and what have been the impacts of those activities (i.e GMO plants, control of the seed market, restrictions on saving seed). I do not recall ever having one sociology class while going to engineering school. Needless to say comprehending everything covered in this class has been a stretch and not always a comfortable one. I do believe in the end that the effort will be worth it as I expect I will have a better understanding of how our whole food system works and what motivates people, corporations and governments to make the decisions they do. As well as an understanding of the consequences of those decisions, which should help in making better policy decisions.
Fridays finish up with our Farm Marketing and Business Planning Class in which we are currently working on developing a business and marketing plan for our chosen business enterprise. However, this post is getting long so the more on this class will have to wait until a future date.
One more item I just remembered that we did this week and that was attending the annual meeting of the Sustainable Farming Association's Central Chapter. The following is an excerpt from the paper I wrote on my attendance of this conference:
On
Saturday, February 2, 2013, I (along with an estimated 70 other people)
attended the 2013 Annual Meeting & Workshops of the Central Chapter of the
Sustainable Farming Association (SFA).
The event was hosted by the Sustainable Food Production Program at M-State Fergus Falls
and held in the colleges Legacy Hall.
The primary purpose of the event was for the chapter to hold its annual
meeting and nominate new board members to replace those whose terms were
expiring. Secondary purposes of the
meeting were to provide educational opportunities, networking and opportunities
to socialize with other like-minded people.
A third priority was to share a very tasty lunch catered by Pat Crepps
of Boyum Farms while being serenaded by music of a new up-and coming group the
One Note Revolution. The caterer and all
band members are current students or graduates of the Sustainable Food
Production Program.
The
published mission statement of the Sustainable Farming Association is this “The Sustainable Farming Association
supports the development and enhancement of sustainable farming systems through
farmer-to-farmer networking, innovation, demonstration, and education”. This event accomplished the SFA mission for
those in attendance. The approximately 70
attendees consisted of a wide range of ages from less than a year old to some
well into their 70’s. There was also a
wide range of farming experience and enterprises. Those enterprises varied from authors, to
berry growers, to dairy and beef farmers to honey producers.
The
first educational seminar I attended was the panel discussion on “Farm to
Restaurant”. The panel members included;
Mike Stine from Stonebridge Beef;
Chef Matt Jensen with Knute-Nelson (a retirement home in Alexandria); Arlene Jones from the Farm on
St. Mathias and Sprout Minnesota; and Beth Dooley a noted food author with
several published books. All of the
panel members told of their experiences in either purchasing or providing food
for restaurants, schools, and retirement homes.
Of these, the one I found most interesting and surprising was that told
by Chef Matt. He first told about
purposely purchasing local food for the restaurants he had worked and why? then he told about his current job with the
Knute-Nelson Retirement Home in Alexandria
Minnesota. He talked about how the Home sought him out
to implement their idea of creating a menu for residents based almost entirely
on locally grown foods for promoting their idea of “Fresh is Best” for foods
and their residents. He also explained
how much the residents enjoyed the local foods as it reminded them of how they
ate growing up. Chef Matt finished up
with some of their future plans for opening a restaurant on the campus and
expanding into delivery of local foods to those receiving in home care.
